Dual-Use Technologies in Europe: Strategic Dependencies and Recommendations
Europe's strategic independence in technology and defence is heavily reliant on dual-use technologies that have both civilian and military applications. This webpage summarises a pivotal report analysing material dependencies and dual-use potentials of key enabling technologies within the EU, the Materials dependencies for dual-use technologies relevant to Europe's defence sector.
Materials Dependencies for Dual-Use Technologies Relevant to Europe's Defence Sector
The report looks into the vulnerabilities in the supply chains for five critical technologies: advanced batteries, fuel cells, robotics, unmanned vehicles, and additive manufacturing. It identifies major reliance on non-EU suppliers, most notably China, and considers the implications for Europe's strategic autonomy and security. It emphasises the dual-use nature of technologies such as artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and advanced materials, as well as their importance in Europe's strategic empowerment (see fig.1).
Key Recommendations:
- Strengthen Supply Chains and Secure Critical Materials: Diversify sources and increase European production capabilities to reduce reliance on external suppliers. Strategic alliances and internal development will ensure a stable supply of critical raw materials for these technologies.
- Encourage investment in dual-use technologies that benefit both economic growth and national security.
- Encourage collaboration among EU member states to build a strong technological and defence framework.
- Policy Support: Promote collaboration between civil and military sectors to leverage synergies and maximise resources.
The integration of civilian and military technological advancements is critical to the EU's strategic autonomy. By addressing the challenges and recommendations outlined in these reports, Europe can enhance its capabilities and reduce vulnerabilities in its supply chain.
For more general insights on the defence/dual use topic, you can access the reports and communications through the following links:
- Materials dependencies for dual-use technologies relevant to Europe's defence sector- Background report: The background report detailing the methodology, data, and other information used in the analysis. The study assesses supply bottlenecks for materials in Europe's defence and civil industries, focusing on five dual-use technology areas: advanced batteries, fuel cells, robotics, unmanned vehicles, and additive manufacturing. It identifies opportunities for research and policy actions to strengthen Europe's position in these areas.
- White Paper on Dual-Use Potential: This document discusses the significance of dual-use technologies, particularly those with applications in both civilian and military sectors. It underscores the need for strategic investment and policy support to enhance these technologies within the EU.
- Report on Critical Technologies for Security and Defence: This report elaborates on the current state and future challenges of critical technologies. It calls for a unified definition of 'critical technologies' and stresses the importance of reducing dependencies on non-EU sources, particularly for raw materials and critical components.
- Communication on European Economic Security: This communication outlines strategies to enhance the EU's economic security amidst global technological shifts. It includes initiatives to strengthen the supply chains for critical technologies and materials, and to foster innovation and competitiveness within the EU.